To solve the problems created by imperialism and fascism in the neo-colonial countries in the 21st century, many thinkers, repeated movements by various oppressed countries of the world and neo-colonial victimized countries have proposed various measures. The solutions in those proposals generally focus on political freedom, economic justice, democracy, social equality and international cooperation, although here in this article have tried to simply explain main points of view:
A. Financial freedom
None of the neo-colonial countries in the world are ever completely independent economically. Because neo-colonialism often involves those neo-colonies by imposing foreign debt , entangling them in unequal trade with multinational companies, through controlling over their natural resources and means, they maintain their hegemony in eror to fulfil their interests . Because of this, a big problem arises in these colonial countries. There are some ways to solve this problem of financial freedom. Those solutions are included as the following for implementation:
1. Emphasis should be placed on the development of national industry and agriculture.
2. Emphasis should be placed on reducing dependence on foreign loans and imports.
3. Priority should be given to the protection of local products and workers.
4. There should be public control over major natural resources such as land, water, minerals and energy.
5. Instead of exploitative trade agreements, we should work according to fair and non-exploitative trade agreements.
Many countries try their best to strengthen economic development in order for their country to become “self-sufficient” so that their economy is not controlled by powerful foreign states or corporations.
B. Strong democratic institutions
In the neo-colonies, democratic institutions are not in a strong state. They are in a weak state. Because fascism has been developed there. Where fascism has developed, there is extreme inequality, corruption,There is politics of fear and hatred and democracy is weak. Therefore, to solve these problems in the neo-colonial countries, the following measures are included in the implementation. They are:
1. There should be independent courts and media.
2. There should be free and fair elections.
3. Civil liberties should be protected.
4. Governments should be accountable.
5. There should be public participation in the decision-making process.
Democracy is strong only when the common people can effectively implement the policies of the state. A strong democracy means a strong nation, nationalism, national independence and democracy.
C. Solidarity of working people and oppressed groups
Struggle against imperialism and fascism in neo-colonial countries requires unity between the working class and the oppressed class. Because many anti-imperialist thinkers argue that the division between people based on class, religion, caste, caste or nationality helps the imperialist and fascism forces to remain powerful. If those forces are strong, they will weaken the working class and oppressed communities. National independence cannot be protected if the working class and the oppressed community are weak. And the direct interference of the imperialists and executioners on the country’s natural resources and means will continue. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and implement the following measures to solve this problem. Those measures to solve this problem are included here, which should be implemented strongly.
1. There is an imperative need for unity among workers, farmers, students, women, tribal tribes and marginalized communities.
2. One should have courage and determination to fight against discrimination and social oppression.
3. Strong people’s movement should be raised for rights and justice.
D. Education and political consciousness
Struggle against imperialism and fascism requires education and political consciousness among justice-loving citizens and the laboring and oppressed masses. Only educated and politically aware citizens can distinguish between right and wrong. Citizens who cannot distinguish between right and wrong can fall into the trap of imperialists and fascists . Because imperialism and fascism often spread misinformation, consumerism, historical distortion and hatred. Only educated and politically aware citizens are able to face those things. So that too has important solutions. Those important solutions are:
1. Every worker, justice-loving and oppressed citizen should be created an environment to receive scientific and critical education.
2. The need for awareness about history and political system and the development of independent journalism should be met.
3. Cultural movements promoting equality, humanity and peace should be raised.
But it is difficult to manipulate the informed population.
E. Social and economic justice
Only if social and economic justice is strong in the society, it is possible to face the imperialist and fascist tendencies. Otherwise, high unemployment, poverty and inequality are likely to create the conditions for the emergence of authoritarian and fascist politics. Therefore, for the solution of such problems, the necessary solutions should be identified, included and implemented. Those solutions are:
1. Meeting the needs of global education and health services.
2. Get employment opportunities.
3. Arrangement of land reform if necessary.
4. Get fair wages and labor rights.
5. Proper management of social security system.
When inequality is reduced, extremist politics will be weakened and this action will be in favor of the laboring, oppressed and justice-loving masses.
F. Resistance to militarism and foreign intervention
Militarism and foreign intervention sponsored by imperialism and fascism also present a complex problem for neo-colonial countries. Many neo-colonial countries use sanctions through military alliances, proxy wars,or resist foreign interference and pressure. Therefore, the problem should be solved by the following possible responses. Those possible processes are as follows.
1. The independent foreign policy of the state should be maintained.
2. There should be regional cooperation between developing countries.
3. Peaceful diplomatic needs should be met.
4. Unnecessary wars and military domination should be opposed.
G. National Unity
It is not possible to face the intervention of imperialism and fascism alone. For that, unity with all the national forces against imperialism and death should be achieved, if possible party unity and if not functional unity. The forces favoring such unity may be:
1. Party unity among the revolutionary forces of the nation.
2. Unity between left wing and populist forces.
3. Cooperation between nationalist, patriotic and progressive forces.
4. Temporary cooperation with all democratic forces.
H. International solidarity
Many global problems like climate change, labor exploitation, debt crisis, migration, digital surveillance cannot be solved by a single country alone. Therefore, it is necessary to have strong unity with indomitable courage among all the international forces against imperialism and fascism, with which unity is possible to solve all those worldwide problems. The solutions to be implemented for that include as the following:
1. Cooperation between developing countries.
2. Creation and rise of human rights and peace movement.
3. Building global labor unity.
4. To raise the environmental justice movement.
I. Technology and Information Sovereignty
In the 21st century, a new form of imperialist and tyrannical hegemony has been created in neocolonial countries in the control of digital platforms, data, artificial intelligence (AI) and media. Neo-colonial countries face this complex problem, which requires solutions. These solutions include:
1. To develop local technical capacity.
2. To achieve digital literacy.
3. Creating and implementing data protection laws.
4. Managing independent media and communication system.
5.Practicing and following different ideological viewpoints.
Different political ideologies offer different paths, which can be used as follows:
1. Liberal democratic countries emphasize democratic reforms and human rights.
2. Socialist communists emphasize class struggle, public ownership, and building a front with anti-capitalism.
3. Nationalists emphasize sovereignty and national unity.
4. Social democratic forces emphasize the welfare system and the advocacy of regulated capitalism.
5. In practice, many countries combine different elements from different approaches.
conclusion
When thinking about “How to deal with the central challenge for neo-colonial countries in the 21st century?”, it is a matter of achieving true sovereignty, economic justice, democratic freedom, social equality and liberating the protected subjects from authoritarianism and foreign domination, for which the most often proposed solutions are to empower ordinary people, strengthen democratic and economic freedom and build cooperation against exploitation, fascism and inequality. Constantly and firmly struggling around these proposals is the current solution to the problems created by imperialism and fascism in neo-colonial countries in the 21st century.
Date: 12th Jeshtha, 2083 BS.
